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The matrimonial nullity trial〔(Pope Francis reforms Church law in marital nullity trials ), Vatican Radio, accessed 8 September 2015〕 reforms of Pope Francis are the reforms of the Catholic canon law governing the processes for matrimonial nullity trials. These reforms dealing with declaring the nullity of marriage given ''motu proprio'' by Pope Francis were made public on 8 September 2015. They were done by two separate apostolic letters,〔(Pope Francis announces biggest changes to annulment process in centuries ), The Washington Post, accessed 8 September 2015〕 the motu proprio ''Mitis iudex dominus Iesus'' amending the 1983 Code of Canon Law, and the motu proprio ''Mitis et misericors Iesus'' amending the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.〔 At the press conference announcing the reforms, Cardinal Francesco Coccopalmerio, the president of the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts, emphasized that the Church does not decree the "annulment" of a legally valid marriage, but rather declares the "nullity" of a legally invalid marriage.〔(Press conference details marriage law reforms ), Vatican Radio, accessed 8 September 2015〕 ==Scope of the reforms== There are three main reforms:〔(Pope Francis makes annulment of marriages cheaper and easier ), CNN.com, accessed 8 September 2015〕 # A cleric's "second review" before nullity can be declared was eliminated〔 # Bishops now have the authority to declare nullity themselves, and in a more efficient manner〔 # The process should be ''gratis'', as long as the tribunal workers can still be paid a just wage.〔 The reforms take legal effect on 8 December 2015.〔(Pope Francis Reforms Annulment Process: 9 things to know and share ), Catholic Answers, accessed 8 September 2015〕 The expedited process may take as few as 120 days.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Frequently Asked Questions Re: Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Matrimonial nullity trial reforms of Pope Francis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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